Snow Day Nats Stats: 2009 Run Expectancies
While we wait for pitchers and catchers to report, here are some long-overdue stats to wrap up last season. That's right, more run expectancy matrices! Yay! What are run expectancy matrices? Despite the intimidating name, it's basically a table that that tells you how many runs you score in various combinations of outs and men on base. Here's the 2009 run expectancy for the NL:
| Runners | no out | 1 out | 2 out |
| --- | 0.48 | 0.26 | 0.09 |
| 1-- | 0.83 | 0.51 | 0.21 |
| 12- | 1.39 | 0.88 | 0.41 |
| 123 | 2.12 | 1.45 | 0.66 |
| 1-3 | 1.64 | 1.13 | 0.48 |
| -2- | 1.09 | 0.65 | 0.28 |
| -23 | 1.95 | 1.35 | 0.52 |
| --3 | 1.19 | 0.95 | 0.37 |
What does this mean? Well, every time an NL team had no outs and no one on base, they scored an average of 0.48 runs before the end of the inning. Similarly, when an NL team came to bat with 1 out and runners on 1st and 3rd, they scored 1.13 runs on average--and so on, for all the other combos of runners and outs. The interesting part is to pull out the data for the Nats and see how they compared! I'll give you a hint: "The Nats leave 'em loaded! (With a twist.)" The numbers don't lie (after the jump).
Here's the Nats' 2009 run expectancy:
| Runners | no out | 1 out | 2 out |
| --- | 0.47 | 0.25 | 0.10 |
| 1-- | 0.79 | 0.44 | 0.18 |
| 12- | 1.58 | 0.80 | 0.42 |
| 123 | 1.94 | 1.40 | 0.61 |
| 1-3 | 1.61 | 1.00 | 0.23 |
| -2- | 1.13 | 0.77 | 0.28 |
| -23 | 2.15 | 1.51 | 0.30 |
| --3 | 1.08 | 0.90 | 0.38 |
Something interesting jumps out right away: look at the average runs scored with no outs and no one on (that is, the start of the inning). The Nats scored 0.47 runs per inning in 2009, which is essentially league average. Are there any particular oddities? Well, the last time I did this (around the AS break last season), the Nats had trouble scoring with 2 outs, at least compared to league average. Looks like that pattern continues: the Nats score fewer runs than league average in most of the 2-out baserunning combos, and about the same in the rest. How much faith can we put in these stats, though? Here's a table of how many times the Nats were in each base/out combo during 2009 (out of a total of 6,273 PA).
| Runners | no out | 1 out | 2 out |
| --- | 1512 | 1059 | 810 |
| 1-- | 353 | 443 | 404 |
| 12- | 85 | 194 | 224 |
| 123 | 17 | 86 | 93 |
| 1-3 | 28 | 70 | 83 |
| -2- | 109 | 198 | 212 |
| -23 | 20 | 51 | 43 |
| --3 | 13 | 61 | 105 |
To compare to league average, here's the percentage of Nats' PA for each combo (in other words, the run expectancy table says the Nats scored 0.48 runs, on average, after a PA with no out and no one on... they had 1,512 PA with no one out and no one on in 2009, which was 24.1% of their PA).
| Runners | no out |
1 out |
2 out |
| --- | 24.1% | 16.9% | 12.9% |
| 1-- | 5.6% | 7.1% | 6.4% |
| 12- | 1.4% | 3.1% | 3.6% |
| 123 | 0.3% | 1.4% | 1.5% |
| 1-3 | 0.4% | 1.1% | 1.3% |
| -2- | 1.7% | 3.2% | 3.4% |
| -23 | 0.3% | 0.8% | 0.7% |
| --3 | 0.2% | 1.0% | 1.7% |
And here's the NL average:
| Runners | no out | 1 out | 2 out |
| --- | 24.2% | 17.2% | 13.6% |
| 1-- | 5.5% | 6.3% | 6.1% |
| 12- | 1.4% | 2.6% | 3.3% |
| 123 | 0.4% | 1.1% | 1.3% |
| 1-3 | 0.5% | 1.0% | 1.4% |
| -2- | 1.8% | 3.0% | 4.0% |
| -23 | 0.3% | 0.9% | 1.0% |
| --3 | 0.3% | 1.1% | 1.6% |
We can add up the numbers in a few interesting ways: 73% of Nats PA were with no runners or a man on first, versus 72.8% NL average. Oddly, the Nats had 19.1% of their PA with a runner on first, versus 17.9% for league average. The Nats had a runner in scoring position 27.0% of the time (27.2% NL average). Most damning, the Nats loaded the bases for 3.1% of their PA versus 2.8% for league average. Given that the Nats' bases-loaded run expectancy is about 5% below league average, I think the extra bases-loaded PA came from loading the bases and failing to score, rather than from loading the bases more often...
Update: A walk ain't a granny, but it still counts
PhDBrian notes in the comments that the Nats seemed to walk quite a bit last year when the bases were loaded. I took a look at the Federal Baseball stat-o-matic (otherwise know as baseballreference.com) and found the following:
The Nats walked 22 times in 197 PA with the bases loaded (11.2% of the time). League-wide, NL teams walked 227 times in 2759 PA with the bases loaded (only 8.3% of the time). The secret to success? Walk 'em in! Note that the Big Walky had five of those RBIs the (very) Easy Way. Of course, the Nats still scored fewer runs than NL average this way--a walk only brings in one, and any hit other than an infield single is likely to score two.
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I wonder how many of those bases loaded failures were Dunn-K's?
What?…I love the Donkey!!!
Vivian Jaffe: "Have you ever transcended space and time?"
Albert Markovski: "Yes. No. Uh, time, not space... No, I don't know what you're talking about."
by Patrick Reddington on Feb 6, 2010 6:16 PM EST reply actions
You know, I've got the data to actually measure that now...
…but pitcher run expectancy first! I think I promised it back in July.
"And everybody lived happily ever after. Except the Phillies and the Mets. The End." --Sasskuash
Friend of Dukes and Desmond #3
Alright, I take it back, Dunn killed the ball with the bases loaded...
Vivian Jaffe: "Have you ever transcended space and time?"
Albert Markovski: "Yes. No. Uh, time, not space... No, I don't know what you're talking about."
by Patrick Reddington on Feb 6, 2010 6:38 PM EST up reply actions
Only 3 Ks with 'em loaded?
I must be remembering each one 2 or 3 times.
"And everybody lived happily ever after. Except the Phillies and the Mets. The End." --Sasskuash
Friend of Dukes and Desmond #3
Interesting his stats fall off hugely when a runner is on third and the bases are not loaded
Clearly small samples, but I wonder if maybe we should bat him third to reduce how often he bats with a baserunner runner on third.
"What you know is often the enemy of what you can learn" Bill James
I take this back
it is all likely do to the small sample size
"What you know is often the enemy of what you can learn" Bill James
I never quantified anything here, but...
We did seem to walk more often than is typical when men were on base last season. And not just DunnK, it seemed like a team effort.
"What you know is often the enemy of what you can learn" Bill James
22 BBs in 196 bases-loaded PA...
"And everybody lived happily ever after. Except the Phillies and the Mets. The End." --Sasskuash
Friend of Dukes and Desmond #3
So, that's walking 11.2% of the time with 'em loaded...
…NL average is 8.2%! Wow, looks like the Nats did beat the league at something last year. I’ll go back and add that to the main article. Nice insight, Brian.
"And everybody lived happily ever after. Except the Phillies and the Mets. The End." --Sasskuash
Friend of Dukes and Desmond #3
Wow, Dunn really was a factor he walked 5 times in 17 PAs with them loaded.
that is alot!
Perhaps Zim should bat behind Dunn so he sees more strikes in RBI situations.
"What you know is often the enemy of what you can learn" Bill James
How many of those times (and his other BBs) was when Bluegrass was in the on deck circle?
Or Hammer………..Oh right, no such thing as “protection”……
" I was just poking the universe to get things started..." -E. Chigliak, Winter 2009
Mezza: ''Are we there yet?'' ...Roscoe: "In baseball hell? Yes we are."
by cat daddy3000 on Feb 6, 2010 8:13 PM EST up reply actions
Patient with the bases loaded...
Nats Gots Nerves of Steel!
That is odd, more walks in then I would’ve guessed…(tries to forget runs Nats walked in)…
Vivian Jaffe: "Have you ever transcended space and time?"
Albert Markovski: "Yes. No. Uh, time, not space... No, I don't know what you're talking about."
by Patrick Reddington on Feb 6, 2010 8:06 PM EST via mobile up reply actions
I wonder how that compares to other teams
"What you know is often the enemy of what you can learn" Bill James
Dunn's clutch stats on the same page
Late & Close OPS was only .687
Whereas his OPS when we are either up or behind by more than 4 runs = 1.032
that is not clutch hitting!
“late and close are PA in the 7th or later with the batting team tied, ahead by one, or the tying run at least on deck.” from the site
"What you know is often the enemy of what you can learn" Bill James
good thing there is no such thing as "clutch hitting" then, huh?
phew, that was a close one
you failed to mention that he only had 97 abs in the "late and close" situation
so i guess in 97 abs he failed in that incredibly specific situation, he must be a bad hitter (sarcasm drips from computer)
you also mentioned, that within one run (with a significantly higher sample) Dunn’s OPS was 947.
It ALL has to do with sample size, thats why ‘clutch’ hitting is a bunch of hooey. You cant pick and chose which 100 ab samples we take and which ones we dont, they are all pretty much irrelevant.
that aside
i love run expectancy, It’s good to show that a bunt with a compitent hitter at the plate sucks in most situations.
Although...
…I’ve been reading “The Book,” lately, and they make a good point: if you never bunt, the infield can always play back and have a better chance of fielding a batted ball. There’s some happy medium of bunting just enough to keep the defense on their toes so you can smack one through a drawn-in infield, or sometimes drop one in front of fielders who are playing too far back.
"And everybody lived happily ever after. Except the Phillies and the Mets. The End." --Sasskuash
Friend of Dukes and Desmond #3
same with steals thou
I’m all for the interesting moneyball/SABR approach – but if you never steal, a pitcher doesnt have to worry about pickoffs and the 1B’man can pretty much do whatever he wants closing the hole on the right side of the IF. I think you need to mix it up with bunts as well otherwise the defense gets a better jump. It falls into the chaos theory of ‘making something happen’ – and there probably isnt a stat for pressure.
"I love, love, love John Lackey." -- Graysnail.
i'm not sure steals is an apt analogy
because if a guy can steal at a sucsessful rate (80 pct or better) he is actually improving the teams run expectancy every time he swipes that base, which is often. I have absolutely no problem with stealing as long as the guy is sucsessful enough times to make it advntageous to do so.
Check again for the Nats!
I just took a look: Nats’ run expectancy with man on first, no out: 0.79. With man on second, one out: 0.77, almost the same! That difference is only 0.02 runs, versus 0.18 runs for an NL average team. Maybe Riggles is tricksier than we thought…
"And everybody lived happily ever after. Except the Phillies and the Mets. The End." --Sasskuash
Friend of Dukes and Desmond #3
thats weird
how do you account for that? anomoly or something quantifiable?
I know what you mean
and I do agree… there was a fangraphs article about that a few months back. Im not opposed to bunting with a crummy hitter in certain situations… but the good hitter I just dont ever see the point. So they know the guy is swinging away, I have no numbers, so this is pure speculation on my part, but it would seem to me that our expected value ( to borrow some poker terminology) is higher if the good hitter is swinging every time, rather than mixing in some bunts…

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